Tractatus resolve[n]s dubia // per modu[m] dyalogi circa se// pte[m] sacrame[n]ta occurrentia. (Dialogus de septem sacramentis)
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| Strassbourg Incunable of 1496 |
| Author | Guillelmus de Parisiis |
| Publisher | Strasbourg: (Johann Reinhard Grüninger), 9.II.1496 |
| Edition | |
| Weight | 280 gram |
| CF |
GW 12037; Hain 15591; Copinger 578; Goff T-334; Sajó (Hung.) 3343; Pellechet 1098; Proctor 468; Voullième (Berlin) 2292. Only 1 copy in BM, not in IDL. |
| Keywords |
sacraments, sacramenten, geloofsleer, Thomisme, Thomas van Aquino, Incunable, Inkunabel, Wiegendruck, Wien, Strasbourg, Strassburg, Saint Thomas Aquinas, codification, codificatie, marriage, baptism, eucharist, salvation, grace, sacramentsleer, Guillelmus Parisiensis
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| Booknumber |
21054 |
| Category's |
Old & Rare (15th Century)
Mental Sciences (Theology & Religion)
Books on Books (15th Century)
Books on Books (Manuscripts & Early Printed Books)
Books on Books (Middle Ages)
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8-vo (covers 14,5 x 20,9 cm; leaves 13,5 x 20,1 cm). 54 Leaves (1 blank), (5), (1 blank), 47 numbered, (1 blank). Later binding with old manuscript from an antiphonary.
Collation (complete): (1), a1-6 (a6 blank), b-g8 (g8 blank). Note: Fo. XXXII falsely numbered as Fo. XXXI and improved with red ink in our copy.
Printed in 2 columns, 42-44 lines to the column, 2 types (small and medium large roman types - Types 17:145G and 21:71G). Marginal letters. Lower case letters for initials with nicely red-painted 2-4 line-initials. Rubricated throughout. Several contemp. annotations in ink.
This work on the seven sacraments is an important codification work. Saint Augustine (of Hippo) defined a sacrament as "a visible sign of an invisible reality." But before the first millennium of church history the definition and the exact number of sacraments remained fluid. Finally, the sacraments were to be seven in number – Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Penance, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders and Matrimony. They were set forth by Petrus Lombardus, the "Magister Sententiarum" (ca 1100 – 1160-4), in the fourth book of his “Quatuor libri Sententiarum”, written about 1150. The next century they were codified by Thomas Aquinas and later promulgated by the Council of Trent.
Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) was a mystic and poet, but above all important as a systematic (Aristotelian) philosopher in the authentic tradition of Western Christian theology. Thomism formed one of the important schools of late medieval scholasticism. At an early age, he joined the Dominicans, was a pupil of Albertus Magnus at Cologne and later lectured in Paris at the Sorbonne. His output was prodigious; most famous his “Summa contra gentiles” and “Summa theologiae”.
This work is another codification of the seven sacraments and their order. They are all seven treated in forty chapters : Baptism in Ch. 1-4, Confirmation Ch. 5-7, Eucharist Ch. 8-11 &c. The most attention is directed to the "Penitentie" (Ch. 12-21) and "Matrimonij" (Ch 23 – 40) Sacraments. The last 8 chapters are the most interesting, as they are dealing with different conjugal impediments as e.g. in chapter 38 “De impedimento coeundi. Utrum frigiditas impediat matrimonium”.
The work is generally known as “Dialogus de septem sacramentis”; the title-leaf gives the more extensive formula: Tractatus resolvens dubia per modum dyalogi circa septem sacramenta occurrentia.
Leaves a2-a5 contain the Tabula with the contents of the 40 chapters, ending on leaf a5v with the very obvious “Finis Tabule”.
Text starts on leaf b1 with the beginning of chapter I “De baptismo” : Conclusiones de septe[m] sacrame[n]// tis tracte de scriptis Sancti Tho=// me de aquino & quorundam alio// rum doctorum sequunt.
It ends on leaf g7 with: Tractatulus de septem sa//cramentis: contine[n]s conclu//siones su[per] dubijs occurenti//bus circa eade[m] sac[r]a: tractas // ex scriptis sancti Thome [qua]//rundam[es] alio[s] doctor[r]um. // Im[pre]ssus in insigni ciuitate // Argenti[nensi]. Finit feliciter An=//no ab incarnate[io]ne d[omin]i. M.//ccccxcvj. nona die Februarij.
The impressum “in insigne civitate Argentinensis is nowadays interpreted by GW as being printed by Johann Grüninger, although Hain gave Martin Flach as printing office.
The GW mentions 21 editions of Guillelmus de Parisiis: “Dialogus de septem sacramentis”, of which a 1492-Venice edition “nicht nachweisbar”. The first edition was published by Ulrich Zell from Köln in 1475, the other editions between 1489 and 1500; 15 of these 21 editions were printed in Paris, 3 in Lyon and Rouen and only 3 in Germany (Köln, Mainz and Strassbourg).
This French predominance is understandable as the presumed author, the Dominican Guillaume de Paris († ca 1311-14) was the confessor of Philip IV (the Fair, le Bel – 1268-1314) and Grand Inquisitor (Inquisitor Generalis) of France. In this work, in the form of a dialogue with Saint Peter the Apostle, Peter’s partner is presented as Gillo (fol. 1, rule 26).
The form of the Dutch edition “Het boek van de VII Sacramenten (Gerard Leeu, Gouda, 1484; Hain 14093, IDL 3983) is likewise a dialogue, but the text is quite different from the present work.
The GW takes Guillaume de Paris (for Gilo) as author, but mentions that the work was also ascribed to Guillelmus Baufet(i). The BM remains on the safe side and mentions this work under the author-personal name of Saint Thomas Aquinas. But remarks that it is attributed to Gulielmus Parisiensis, alternatively identified as Gulielmus, Bishop of Paris (also known as Gulielmus Baufeti), and as Gulielmis Parisiensis, Dominican.
Provenance: Ex Libris in ink on first blank and title-leaf: Vienna Dominican Monastery (1498 ?): Conventus Vienna ord.in Praed. An[n]o 98.
Title-leaf and a few margins slightly stained, but a complete, very well-kept copy, firmly bound in excellent condition.
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| Prijs |
€ 6500.00 |
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